Question 1

Question 1: Antibiotic Chloromycetin is obtained from …………………. (a) Streptomyces erythreus (b) Penicillium chrysogenum (c) Streptomyces venezuelae (d) Streptomyces griseus

Accepted Answer

(c) Streptomyces venezuelae

Question 2

Question 2: Removal of large pieces of floating debris, oily substances, etc. during sewage treatment is called …………………. (a) primary treatment (b) secondary treatment (c) final treatment (d) a

Accepted Answer

(a) primary treatment

Question 3

Question 3: Which one of the following is free living bacterial biofertilizer? (a) Azotobacter (b) Rhizobium (c) Nostoc (d) Bacillus thuringiensis

Accepted Answer

(a) Azotobacter

Question 4

Question 4: Most commonly used substrate for industrial production of beer is …………………. (a) barley (b) wheat (c) corn (d) sugar cane molasses

Accepted Answer

(a) barley

Question 5

Question 5: Ethanol is commercially produced through a particular species of …………………. (a) Aspergillus (b) Saccharomyces (c) Clostridium (d) Trichoderma

Accepted Answer

(b) Saccharomyces

Question 6

Question 6: One of the free-living anaerobic nitrogen- fixers is …………………. (a) Azotobacter (b) Beijerinckia (c) Rhodospirillum (d) Rhizobium

Accepted Answer

(c) Rhodospirillum

Question 7

Question 7: Microorganisms also help in production of food like …………………. (a) bread (b) alcoholic beverages (c) vegetables (d) pulses

Accepted Answer

(a) bread

Question 8

Question 8: MOET technique is used for …………………. (a) production of hybrids (b) inbreeding (c) outbreeding (d) outcrossing

Accepted Answer

(a) production of hybrids

Question 9

Question 9: Mule is the outcome of …………………. (a) inbreeding (b) artificial insemination (c) interspecific hybridization (d) outbreeding

Accepted Answer

(c) interspecific hybridization

Question 10

Question 1: What makes idlis puffy?

Accepted Answer

During preparation of idlis, rice and black gram flour is fermented by air borne Leuconostoc and Streptococcus bacteria. CO2 produced during fermentation makes them puffy.

Question 11

Question 2: Bacterial biofertilizers.

Accepted Answer

Rhizobium, Frankia, Pseudomonas striata, Bacillus polymyxa, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Azotobacter, Costridium, Beijerinkia, Klebsiella.

Question 12

Question 3: What is the microbial source of vitamin B12?

Accepted Answer

The microbial source of vitamin B12 is Pseudomonas denitrificans.

Question 13

Question 4: What is the microbial source of enzyme invertase?

Accepted Answer

The microbial source of enzyme invertase is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Question 14

Question 5: Milk starts to coagulate when Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are added to warm milk as a starter. Mention any two other benefits of LAB.

Accepted Answer

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) check the growth of disease causing microbes and produce vitamin B.

Question 15

Question 6: Name the enzyme produced by Streptococcus bacterium. Explain its importance in medical sciences.

Accepted Answer

The enzyme produced by Streptococcus spp. is streptokinase. It is used as a ‘clot buster’ for clearing blood clots in the blood vessels in heart patients.

Question 16

Question 7: What is breed?

Accepted Answer

Breed is a group of animals related by descent and similar in most characters like general appearance, features, size, configuration, etc.

Question 17

Question 8: Estuary

Accepted Answer

Estuary is a place where river meets the sea.

Question 18

Question 9: What is shellac?

Accepted Answer

Shellac is the pure form of lac obtained by washing and filtering.

Question 19

Question 1: Many microbes are used at home during preparation of food items. Comment on such useful ones with examples.

Accepted Answer

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 20

Question 2: What is biogas? Write in brief about the production process.

Accepted Answer

Biogas is a mixture of methane CH4 (50-60%), CO2 (30-40%), H2S (0-3%) and other gases (CO, N2, H2) in traces.

Question 21

Question 3: Biocontrol agents.

Accepted Answer

(1) Biocontrol agents are the organisms like (bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoans) act which are employed for controlling pathogens, pests and weeds.

Question 22

Question 4: Name any two enzymes and antibiotics with their microbial source.

Accepted Answer

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 23

Question 5: Write the principles of farm management.

Accepted Answer

The principles of farm management are as follows:

Question 24

Question 6: Give the economic importance of fisheries.

Accepted Answer

Economic importance of fisheries is as follows:

Question 25

Question 7: Enlist the species of honey bee mentioning their specific uses.

Accepted Answer

(1) The four species of honey bees commonly found in India : Apis dorsata (rock bee, or wild bee), Apis jlorea (little bee), Apis mellifera (European bee) and Apis indica (Indian bee).

Question 26

Question 8: What are A, B, C, D in the table given below. Types of microbe Name Commercial Product Fungus A Penicillin Bacterium Acetobacter aceti B C Aspergillus niger Citric acid Yeast D Eth

Accepted Answer

A : Penicillium chrysogenum B : Vinegar (Acetic acid) C : Fungus D : Sachharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoidis 4. Long Answer Questions. Question 1. Explain the process of sewage water treatment before it can be discharged into natural bodies. Why is this treatment essential? Answer: Sewage treatmen

Question 27

Question 2: Lac culture.

Accepted Answer

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 28

Question 3: Describe various methods of fish preservation.

Accepted Answer

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 29

Question 4: Give an account of poultry diseases.

Accepted Answer

Various poultry diseases are as follows:

Question 30

Question 5: Give an account of mutation breeding with examples.

Accepted Answer

Step-by-step solution provided.

Types of microbe	Name	Commercial Product
Fungus	A	Penicillin
Bacterium	Acetobacter aceti	B
C	Aspergillus niger	Citric acid
Yeast	D	Ethanol

Chapter 11 Enhancement of Food Production Solutions